My Favorite Heroes Come From Ancient Greece And Rome

There are many heroes throughout history that are above average for what they do either for someone or for their attributes that help them have courage on the battle field. Some of my favorite heroes come from ancient Greece and Rome. The reason these types of heroes are my favorite is because not only do they show courage on the battlefield, but they also are good negotiators so that they can save lives from going to Elysium where they tend to live a happy and joyful life for those who were blessed by the gods and were heroic. There are four heroes that I am going to talk about in this paper. They range from Beowulf, which is Old Danish folklore to Achilles, which symbolizes an old Greek myth about being unstoppable in power. Then I†¦show more content†¦Another way Beowulf is a hero is when Grendal’s Mother kills Eschere and Beowulf goes and avenges the death of the kings prized fighter. Beowulf did many amazing things in his life that made him a hero. Not just in battle, but also with the citizens in the kingdom where he reigned. Those acts were consisting of slaying Grendal and his mother. As well as slaying a dragon that was terrorizing his kingdom even after it leaves him mortally wounded. His acts to the citizens included helping another king when the time came as well as when Beowulf protected his people from the dragon. There is another hero that is part of society that shows courage and bravery in many forms that are required for a hero. The next person I am talking about is Achilles. Now Achilles belongs to another part of the old world, I am talking about Ancient Greece. Achilles did many amazing things that named him one of the greatest mystical heroes for ancient Greece. The story of Achilles starts when he was supposedly born in the 1st century AD. The legend goes that Achilles was a half-blood, which back in those times meant half human and half god. It was said that when Achilles was a baby, he was dipped in the River Styx to try to make him immortal, but there is a disadvantage, you had to be connected on to your life line which is on a single part of your body. This part keeps you connected to the mortal world while the rest of your body wasted away. There are many characteristics that Achilles

Cyber Security Essay - 648 Words

Checkpoint: Cyber Security Paper The Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary defines cyber security measures taken to protect a computer or computer system (as on the Internet) against unauthorized access or attack Most people think that hackers are just people that want to mess up your computer, but real hackers break into systems because they want to see what they can do, then they might leave a message on the victims computer, but that’s it. So, the computer security people protect from those other hackers that want to mess up peoples computers. The means we take can as individual to protect ourselves in the cyber world is be anyomous on websites, don’t post your personal information ,have virus protection install on your computer, get spy†¦show more content†¦For example, if you go to your bank account website to check your account, I would delete the link to make sure that no one could access my information. In James case, he found someone else information and passwords. To his advantage, he could have forgotten that information and had access to someone account and gotten into their favorite websites with the passwords stolen their identify or something. The most important thing is do is to make sure you are getting rid of those cookies on you computer. Preventing Cookies from being stored to your hard drive is the first step to safeguarding your anonymity of the web. Cookies are small text files that your browser exchanges with a Web server. The invisible secret agents record information such as your password for a registered site. But because cookies may track your activities on the Web in ways that violate your privacy, you should control the information they share. In conclusion we say, when dealing with computers, security and privacy are together. Information stored on your own computer is not protected, unless you already taken steps to protect your data, anyone can read all files on your computer. Unlike E-mail messages you send are often stored in a Sent mail folder, they are vulnerable to compromise by anyone who accesses your hard disk. References: Cyber security. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Retrieved October 23, 2008,Show MoreRelatedCyber Security : Security And Security1880 Words   |  8 PagesCYBER SECURITY: Cyber Security also called computer security and IT security, is the assurance of data from theft or any harm to the gadget, the product and information stored on hardware. It incorporates controlling physical access to the equipment and additionally ensuring against code or data injection or via network access. The field is of developing significance because of the expanding dependence of PC frameworks in most societies. Computer frameworks now incorporate a wide assortment of keenRead MoreCyber Security And Cyber Attacks1503 Words   |  7 Pageshave could negatively impact organizations information security. A vast majority of organizations rely on computers and the internet to store its data. Cyber attacks can take place in a variety of industries that might the general population does not realize such as cellular communication services, airplane navigation systems, and medical record security. All of these organizations are in highly diverse industries but need to be aware of cyber threats that could affect their specific industry. TheRead MoreCyber Security And Cyber Attacks Essay1246 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Cyber security is a major concern for every department, business, and citizen of the United States because technology impacts every aspect of our daily lives. The more we use technology the more complacent, we get with the information that is stored within our cyber networks. The more complacent, we get, the more vulnerable we become to cyber-attacks because we fail to update the mechanisms that safeguard our information. Breaches to security networks are detrimental to personal,Read MoreCyber Security And The Cyber Threat763 Words   |  4 Pagesdeal with the impact of the cyber-threat. With this in mine, security awareness training is economical and obvious choice for organization of all sizes. Many companies invest heavily in cyber security education programs for all employees to learn how to protect their computers and personal information and how to be aware of the cyber criminals that sour the Web in search of targets and vulnerabilities. For the most part the training should include educating users on security concepts such as be conversantRead MoreCyber Security And Cyber Threats Essay1510 Words   |  7 Pageshas been confronting issues of cyber-attacks to such an extent that majority of the patients feel every moment that they are at great risk and thus their treatment processes suffer a lot.(Hacking Healthcare IT in 2016) The small sized clinics do not have many resources to enhance their information security systems. Even the large sized enterprises are vulnerable to the cyber threats. The White House had declared that it would increase opportunities to tackle the cyber threats in every sphere, but theRead MoreSecurity Plan For Cyber Security1496 Words   |  6 Pagesproportions being allocated to relevant cyber defence mediums which have been ongoing since 2007. Table 2.2 illustrates Estonian cyber defence strategies 2007 – 2010. Cyber Security Strategy Date Implemented Action Plan to Fight Cyber Attacks July 2007 Revised Implementation Plan 2007 – 2008 of the Estonian Information Society Strategy 2013 September 2007 Cyber Security Strategy May 2008 Cooperative Cyber Defense Center of Excellence 2008 Cyber Security Council May 2009 Emergency Act June 2009Read MoreCyber Security and Cyber Weapons3827 Words   |  16 Pagescommunicate  by  sending  text  files  to  each  other.  Soon  however  the  internet  became  a  public  place  to store  and  access  information.  As  more  and  more  personal  and  classified  information  gets  stored,  it  is only  natural  that  people  try  to  find  a  way  to  steal  information  for  their  own  benefits.  Cyber  skirmishes are  right  now  being  fought  online  to  get  more  information.  Ã‚  Bruce  Berkowitz  said:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The  ability  to collect,  communicate,  process,  and  protect  information  is  the  most  important  factor  defining  military power.†Ã‚  Berkowitz  argues  that  weaRead MoreThe State Of Cyber Security1389 Words   |  6 PagesThe state of Cyber Security in 2016 is a grim one, every day on the news we hear about another bank or online service getting hacked and consumer information being sold on the darknet, an â€Å"invisible† part of the internet where hackers and criminals sell personal information among other items, or a presidential candidates emails being released. Being a part of the IT community, I am more aware of all these occurrences than the average person who just uses the internet for checking email and seeingRead MoreCyber Security3559 Words   |  15 PagesCYBER SECURITY INTRODUCTION It is also known as â€Å"Computer Security or IT security†. It is applied to the security of computer, computer network and the data stored and transmitted over them. Today the computer system are used in wide variety of â€Å"smart devices, including Smartphone’s,   televisions  and tiny devices as part of the  Internet of Things, and networks include not only the  Internet  and private data networks, but also  Bluetooth,  Wi-Fi  and other  networks. Computer security covers all theRead MoreCyber Security And Security Of The Users1520 Words   |  7 Pagesinfotainment [1]. When these kinds of services are introduced, they also bring in the vulnerabilities associated with them, resulting in increased number of security threats and attacks. Hence, it is very important to ensure that these services do not compromise the safety and security of the users [2]. This paper aims to provide a brief overview of cyber security in vehicular networks by analyzin g its vulnerabilities, challenges and solutions. I. Introduction Vehicular networks consist of in-vehicle networks

Personality and Job Performance Purposeful Work Behaviour

Question: Describe about the Personality and Job Performance for Purposeful Work Behaviour. Answer: Introduction This paper is based on a research aiming at determining the relationship between job performance and personality. The topic of the relationship between job performance and personality is the most studied subject by the Organizational behavior students and industrial psychologists (Barrick Mount 2013, p. 136). Job performance is defined by Barrick and Mount (2013) as a construct which is multi-dimensional. It indicates how best employees perform their duties and the initiative they take that results to how the resourcefulness they portray in solving problems. Furthermore, it also shows how the employees utilize the available resources and the energy and time that they spend on their tasks (Barros et.al 2014, p. 440). What affects the job performance can be affected by some situational factors that include the organization, features of the job, and the co-workers. Therefore, job performance is mainly influenced by the need for change, amplitude, effective temperate, self-regard, and the interaction between the named constructs. In regards to this fact, most psychologists have over time questioned the credibility of the importance of personality with regards to prediction of job performance. However, going by the illustration by Hassan et.al (2016), most of the research on matters of personality and job performance has yielded evidence that relates the two with personality being a useful tool in measuring any job-related criteria. In an attempt to discuss more on the topic, we look at the relationship between job performance and personality from the traits point of view, also regarded as the five personality dimensions. Before studying the concepts under the big five personality dimension, it is relevant to understand that the relevance of the dimensions differs by culture. The dimensions include conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, and Openness to experience. Neuroticism. This is a personality dimension that is normal. Neuroticism indicates the universal tendency to experience negative effects like anger, sadness, embarrassment, guilt, disgust, and fear. The individuals having high score in this category may be subjected to higher risks of psychiatric problems. According to Brown and Sitzmann (2011), a higher Neuroticism score implies that the person is prone to experiencing unreasonable ideas and poor coping with stress. More so, the individuals in this category can be said to be having difficulties in controlling impulses too. However, the individuals who experience low score of Neuroticism have higher emotional stability. It is, therefore, evident that Neuroticism is an ideal predictor of performance in various occupations. Going by their assertion, emotional stability is regarded as the second most among the important characteristics that are known to affect the employment of a candidate. It was noted further that Neuroticism is inversely proportional to the job performance. Nevertheless, Chan (2014) predicts that Neuroticism only predicts the job performance in specific circumstances. Extraversion. Talkativeness, assertiveness, and sociability all fall under Extraversion. It is within this dimension that we find the terms "extroverts" and introverts." Extraverts tend to be more optimistic and energetic whereas introverts are a bit reserved, independent, and even-paced. Furthermore, Dala and Crede (2013) insists that positive experiences and feelings characterize Extraversion, hence seen as a positive effect. Most research points at Extraversion as an ideal predictor of job performance that are characterized by social interactions like managers and sales personnel. Lloyd (2016) also found out that Extraversion affects the job performance of a police officer basing his arguments on the existence of a higher level of interaction in the police service. Openness to Experience. Openness to Experience comprises of the attentiveness to the inner feelings, active imagination, and preference for variety, aesthetic sensitivity, independence of judgment, and the intellectual curiosity. The individuals that score low on the openness are always a bit of conventional in both the behavior and also conservative in the outside look. On the other hand, the individuals with higher scores in this category are somehow muted with preparedness to question authority and also ready to entertain political and social ideas as well as entertaining new ethical ideas. A recent research ascertains that Openness to Experience is one of the best dimension applicable in matters dealing with consultations. The findings had it that most successful employees had a low score on the Openness to Experience. However, Natoli (2003) contradicts the same and states that it is not one of the best or invalid predictor of job performance. This is explainable by considering after establishing that different jobs have different requirements, hence not standard. Agreeableness. In simpler term, this concept refers to an individual who is fundamentally altruistic who does not only sympathize, but also eager to help others in given situations. On the other hand, a disagreeable are rather skeptical of other people's intentions. Agreeableness is an important predictor of an individual's performance. It is further clear that agreeable is the master when it comes to predicting the job performance. Having said that, it is a debatable source of success in occupations that involves teamwork and customer service. Conscientiousness. Shaffer and Postlethwaite (2013) explains conscientiousness to be the self-control achievable and useful in planning, determined, and strong-willed. On the other hand, a higher conscientiousness workers would develop annoying fastidiousness, workaholic behavior, or compulsive neatness. Again, the low scoring individuals in this category may have the morals, yes, but might fail to apply them appropriately. According Zigarmi et.al (2016), the relationship between job performance and Conscientiousness is attributable to the relationship between integrity and Conscientiousness (Hassan et.al 2016, p. 12). Furthermore, goal setting and autonomy influences the relationship between conscientiousness. Discussion Most people believe that the personality factors plays a very crucial part in job performance. However, the psychologists have a different literature that regards the issue of personality factors as equivocal. Therefore, Dala and Crede (2013) concluded that the ground for optimism with reference to the implementation of personality tests in predicting the performance of the employees. It is believed that the workers who lean most towards Extraversion and are vulnerable to have irrational ideas are poor in coping up with stressful conditions. Such individuals are known to be less creative compared to the emotionally stable. Therefore, given that the extraversion is associated with creativity and performance, it tends to experience utmost positive affect in employees. The conical analysis is a confirmation that the Openness to Experience is correlated to the performance and creativity. With regards to this, the employees who tend to be open to experiences shows attentiveness to feelings, aesthetic sensitivity, and active imagination. As a result, such employees always attract higher ratings on their performance and creativity at the workplace. Similarly, Conscientiousness is also associated with creativity and task performance. As confirmed by Lloyd (2016), the conscientious employees are better than the less conscientious in performing the duties at the workplace. Furthermore, the management performance is confirmed to be related to the emotional stability and openness to experience. However, some limitations still crop up whenever the topic on job performance and personality is discussed. To begin with, the latest research that was conducted on the same lack the predictive validity design. This results to the fleeing of most of the poor performers who cannot cope with the system at the place of work. Therefore, it is advisable to establish the most accurate direction of the. Limitations, Contributions, and Future Research In order to establish the facts, the topic requires a direct engagement with the subjects, who tend to be employees of a given organization. On the same note, it is clear that whenever a research is performed, the point of exhaustion of the list of traits that can moderate the personality. Also, it might become a tasking operation in determining all other cues. As stated by Brown and Sitzmann (2011), most researchers tend to focus mostly on the job-based or task-based cues such as human resource systems or social factors. Therefore, to enhance future research, there is a need for studying the variables as the situational moderators. Secondly, most models used in the research tends to ground in the degree at which the personality traits expresses themselves in the job performance. Therefore, the possibility in the case for which the personality expresses itself in behavior is omitted. According to Eggerth (2015), there is a necessity of ensuring that more appropriate approaches are developed for future research. The improvisation should aim at researching on how situations activate or impede the expression of the traits and how the traits get manifested in specific job behaviors that lead to performance. Besides, some cases tend to be irregular for instance in a case where an extravert feels like or behave like an extravert, or feel more motivated to produce the assertion behaviors. The third related issue is the measurement consideration. This aspect is mainly dependent on the intimately situational differences. This difference revolves around the organization, occupation, and the nature of the work. Looking at this, a typical example is a case whereby an accountant would prefer to work as an accountant in a keratin organization or place but not at another organization. This means that motivations and ability of each employee determine the job performance of each employee. Furthermore, at times idiosyncrasies develops making every other person argue that situational approach is the best. Another possible explanation that brings out the lack of pure relationship between the the task performance and dimensions of personality is the ineffective well-defined correlation between the two. It is, therefore, true to state that the personality dimensions influences the job performance in places where there is high autonomy (Lloyd 2016, p. 8). However, most studies have various limitations, to begin with, most research lacks the validity design which later affects the magnitude of the correlation coefficients that are obtainable. The most experienced disadvantage of the design is that most research is conducted amidst resignation of poor performers hence leading to wrong results. For that reason, most of the research designs fail to meet the criteria for determining the direction of the relationship obtained. Having done research on the interrelationship between the job performance and personality of a high school Principal, the result showed there is a direct relation between his traits and job performance. Looking at the principals personality character traits (introversion/extroversion) and the performance aspect (educational, managerial, professional, and administrative, it is true to say that there is a correlation. It comes out true to the assertion by Glavin (2015) that a performance of extroverted employees or top managers is better than for the introverted fellows. In considering the multiple regressions obtained about the personality characteristics and the employees performance score, the results shows variation. The central question that needs a lot of understanding is the relationship between an introverted principal and extroverted principal considering their various administrative and managerial procedures. The study has investigated the correlation between the five personality traits and the job performance based on the role of multidimensional organizational commitment. The theoretical model which was developed and the personality to commitment and performance shows that the consequence of organizational commitment is inevitable (Wei 2016, p. 872). The argument, therefore, stands that the commitment of an organization plays a vital part to determine the performance- personality relationship. Having said that, affective commitment also has a mediating part in determining the correlation between job performance and extraversion. Similarly, affective commitment can also resolve the relationship between job performance and neuroticism. Personality and job performance Going by the large-scale research data obtained from thousands of employees on the relationship between job performance and personality, Seddigh et.al (2016) argues that certain personality traits are relevant and significantly predict job performance. With this assumption, the possibility to support the use of personality in some employee selection in given job categories. The following are some of the specified job categories where a selection of employees can be based on specific personal traits. Sales Considering the sales position, conscientiousness is one of the best traits necessary in predicting the future performance. Apart from conscientiousness, extraversion as a trait comes second and is also necessary. With that, it follows that an employee with conscientiousness and extraversion traits makes the best sales person (Eggerth 2015, p. 458). Customer Service Given that the employee in this sector mingles with a lot of individuals from different diversities and background, it requires that the employees have multiple traits. In this category, conscientiousness again is the first character necessary in predicting the expected performance by the employee. Besides, Agreeableness and Openness to experience are also of great necessity when it comes to customer service job. According to Eggerth (2015), the call center employees productivity depends on their emotional stability, conscientiousness, and agreeableness which are all significant in improving. However, it creates an unusual mix that implies the complexity pattern of personality-based jobs that are rather demanding and complicated depending on the interpersonal interactions. Wei (2016) shows another hierarchy on the same giving conscientiousness as the strongest predictor followed by emotional stability, which according to him, is less significant. Whether skilled or semi-skilled, it is evident that at some given time, ones personality would determine how he/she performs his/her duties. Professional With regards to professional occupations, each profession has a different mix of personal traits that predicts the performance. However, conscientiousness is common to any profession of all the big five traits. Conscientiousness is the mother of all the personal traits that significantly predicts performance (Eggerth 2015, p. 458). Leadership Leadership begins from somewhere and is seen in two ways. The first leadership deals with how a regular employee emerges as a leader, and the second phase is how they perform once they get to the managerial post. Leadership emergence is strongly associated with the conscientiousness and extraversion. On the same note, leadership effectiveness, and good managerial performance are also dependent on the conscientiousness and extraversion. The personal traits, therefore, makes an employee to get noticed as a potential leader but become less important once one clinch to the leadership position (Brown and Sitzmann 2011, p. 470). This is factual given that leadership roles are complex and different set of skills and personality traits are only effective to specific leadership. Personality vs. other predictors Whenever an organization gets overenthusiastic on the possibility of populating their staff with certain personalities, they tend to forget that personality only represents a segment of a wider picture. Besides, in each organization, the process of identifying the best predictors requires a vigorous job performance analysis. Therefore, it is important to note that each trait may be less or more important in different contexts. Recommendations Going by the findings of the various researches concerning personality and job performance, organizations have to do something extra in establishing the connection. It is necessary for the relevant bodies to envisage the personality of the employees while predicting managerial performance and creativity. However, conducting more research is necessary before using the results to predict job performance since they might not have been achieved in a particular context. On the same note, a broader sampling is needful when it comes to establish the relationship between personality dimensions and job performance. Furthermore, the affects of language and cultural differences on the relationship between dimension and job performance need to be considered in the study. Conclusion Of all the predictors, conscientiousness is above any other regarding performance prediction across all job types. Second in the hierarchy, after conscientiousness is emotional stability. However, depending on the type of job, additional traits might become necessary. For instance, the jobs that have a stronger interpersonal component such as managerial and customer service would require agreeableness and openness at higher levels in predicting the possible outcome of the performance. However, new researches are underway in determining the possibility and how to combine the specific traits for each of the big-five for more efficiency in predicting job performances. List of references Barros, E, Kausel, E, Cuadra, F, Daz, D 2014, 'Using General Mental Ability and Personality Traits to Predict Job Performance in Three Chilean Organizations', International Journal Of Selection Assessment, 22, 4, pp. 432-438, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. Brown, K, Sitzmann, T 2011, 'Training and employee development for improved performance', APA handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, Vol 2: Selecting and developing members for the organization pp. 469-503 Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association PsycBOOKS, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. BARRICK, M, MOUNT, M, LI, N 2013, 'THE THEORY OF PURPOSEFUL WORK BEHAVIOR: THE ROLE OF PERSONALITY, HIGHER-ORDER GOALS, AND JOB CHARACTERISTICS', Academy Of Management Review, 38, 1, pp. 132-153, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. Chan, D 2014, 'Advances in modeling dimensionality and dynamics of job performance', The nature of work: Advances in psychological theory, methods, and practice pp. 211-228 Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association PsycBOOKS, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. Dalal, R, Cred, M 2013, 'Job satisfaction and other job attitudes', APA handbook of testing and assessment in psychology, Vol. 1: Test theory and testing and assessment in industrial and organizational psychology pp. 675-691 Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association PsycBOOKS, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. Eggerth, DE 2015, 'Job satisfaction, job performance, and success', APA handbook of career intervention, Volume 2: Applications pp. 453-463 Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association PsycBOOKS, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. Fuller Jr., J, Kester, K, Cox, S 2010, 'Proactive Personality and Job Performance: Exploring Job Autonomy as a Moderator', Journal Of Managerial Issues, 22, 1, pp. 35-51, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. Glavin, K 2015, 'Measuring and assessing career maturity and adaptability', APA handbook of career intervention, Volume 2: Applications pp. 183-192 Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association PsycBOOKS, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. Hassan, S, Akhtar, N, YÄÂ ±lmaz, A 2016, 'Impact of the Conscientiousness as Personality Trait on both Job and Organizational Performance', Journal Of Managerial Sciences, 10, 1, pp. 1-14, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. Lloyd, J 2016, 'When Personality, Not Performance, Is the Issue', Receivables Report For America's Health Care Financial Managers, 31, 2, pp. 9-10, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. Lu, B, Guo, X, Luo, N, Chen, G 2015, 'Corporate Blogging and Job Performance: Effects of Work-related and Nonwork-related Participation', Journal Of Management Information Systems, 32, 4, pp. 285-314, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. Natoli, JJ 2003, 'The Organizational Personality and Employee Performance', Nonprofit World, 21, 1, pp. 25-26, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. Seddigh, A, Berntson, E, Platts, L, Westerlund, H 2016, 'Does Personality Have a Different Impact on Self-Rated Distraction, Job Satisfaction, and Job Performance in Different Office Types?', Plos ONE, 11, 5, pp. 1-14, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. Shaffer, J, Postlethwaite, B 2013, 'The Validity of Conscientiousness for Predicting Job Performance: A meta-analytic test of two hypotheses', International Journal Of Selection Assessment, 21, 2, pp. 183-199, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. 'Seek out the humble and honest: PERSONALITY TRAITS ASSOCIATED WITH BETTER JOB PERFORMANCE' 2011, Industrial Engineer: IE, 43, 5, p. 12, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. Uppal, N, Mishra, S, Vohra, N 2014, 'Prior Related Work Experience and Job Performance: Role of personality', International Journal Of Selection Assessment, 22, 1, pp. 39-51, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. WEI, L 2016, 'EFFECTS OF POSITIVE MOOD AND JOB COMPLEXITY ON EMPLOYEE CREATIVITY AND PERFORMANCE', Social Behavior Personality: An International Journal, 44, 5, pp. 865-880, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016. ZIGARMI, D, HOUSON, D, DIEHL, J, WITT, D 2016, '10 PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT PROCESS GAPS', Training, 53, 4, pp. 30-32, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 14 September 2016.

physician assisted sucide Essays - Medical Ethics, Euthanasia

Ethical Issues in End-of-Life Care Robert M. Walker, MD The issues associated with appropriate end-of-life interventions involve ethical, moral, and legal decisions by patients and their physicians. Background: Physicians who treat patients approaching the end of life often face moral, ethical, and legal issues involving shared decision making, futility, the right to refuse medical treatment, euthanasia, and physician-assisted suicide. Methods: The author examines cases that involve these issues and also reviews the ethical principles that guide current medical practice. Issues such as end-of-life ethical questions, the right to life-sustaining therapy, medical futility, the distinction between killing and allowing to die, and physician-assisted suicide are discussed. Results: The principal problem involves the appropriate use of technology at the end of life. While developments in technology have enhanced our ability to prolong life, issues have also arisen regarding the resulting quality of life, the sometimes marginal benefits to our patients, and the burdens that this technology imposes on patients, families, and society. Conclusions: Legal and ethical issues continue to confront patients, courts, and physicians. A better understanding of these issues and an awareness of the availability of effective palliative care will help physicians, patients, and families adequately address the end-of-life issues that are an intrinsic part of medical care. Introduction Medicine?s technical advances of the past few decades have cast a shadow over its long-held ethic of compassionate care. The main problem has been the appropriate use of technology at the end of life. Should it be used on everyone, regardless of the chance of successful outcome or the burdens it imposes? If not, what ethical parameters guide the use and non-use of medical interventions? These questions are most sharp at the end of life because the burdens of intervention are often high, the benefits are marginal, and quality of life is markedly diminished. This article reviews the ethical principles that guide medical practice and then focuses on end-of-life ethical issues such as the right to life-sustaining therapy, medical futility, the distinction between killing and allowing to die, and physician-assisted suicide. Ethical Principles The core principles of medical ethics date from antiquity and are commonly labeled "beneficence" and "nonmaleficence." The principle of beneficence holds that physicians should aim to "benefit the sick," while nonmaleficence means to "do no harm" in the process. These principles are reflected in medicine?s chief goal, which is to help the sick by returning them to health and lessening the suffering and decline that is often associated with their diseases.1 The central question in the care of the dying is the appropriate use of life-sustaining interventions. In some cases, there is little or no benefit to be gained by these interventions, and yet the potential for significant harm commonly remains. Ordinarily, when the benefits are clearly outweighed by the potential harms of intervention, the use of that intervention is properly regarded as inappropriate. But who has the ultimate authority to decide the matter of appropriateness? Should it be the physician alone? Should inappropriate ness be decided at the policy level? From an ethics point of view, the patient is the one to decide about forgoing life-sustaining interventions, based on the third ethical principle ? patient autonomy. The principle of autonomy, or respect for persons, has its roots in analytic philosophy and has become synonymous with the concept of self-determination.2 This concept was expressed well by Justice Cardozo in a famous medical malpractice case: "Every human being of adult years and sound mind has a right to determine what shall be done with his own body."3 The principle of autonomy lies at the root of the medical and legal doctrine of informed consent and also at the root of decisions by patients to forgo life-sustaining treatment at the end of life. The fourth ethical principle is that of distributive justice, which guides the fair allocation of medical resources. Justice considerations arise in end-of-life care when one compares the high cost of marginally beneficial end-of-life care to the lack of funding for the basic care of a large portion of our country?s residents. While the issues surrounding medical costs and the design of just health care systems are complex and important, they require a social policy level approach and should not be left simply to the physician at the bedside. The principle of

buy custom Means of Empowering Nurses essay

buy custom Means of Empowering Nurses essay Certification is one of the ways of empowering nurses since it validates their competency and increases their chances of experiencing professional growth. However, certification comes at a cost and one has to spend time pursuing the certification process. Certified nurses are often regarded as specialty leaders in their practice. For a nurse to get certification, many hours have to be spent in a program that facilitates the certification process. Therefore, the initials that are found in names of some nurses indicate more than professional excellence; they also indicate the efforts that the nurse made in pursuing a program that would facilitate the recognition of her individual nursing excellence in a particular specialty. While certification plays a very important role in the nursing profession, it also has a share of problems. The implication created by certification by specialty is that nurses practice as autonomous groups. These groups are established in the process through which different nurses are required to meet different qualifications in order to be certified. Practice, education and experience requirements differ from one specialty to another. Specialty organizations have in the past been trying to propose the creation of a nursing specialty board at the national level whereby certification criteria and standards would be established uniformly. The presupposition of this proposal was that this would increase the value of credentials in a scenario where there is wide variation in nursing certification programs, thereby improving professionalism in nursing. Certification is a means of empowering nurses. Specialty certification benefits the individual nurse, the area of specialty where the nurse practices, (and generally, the nursing profession), the institution and the entire community. Gibson (1989), (cited in Tenney, Demoucell Wias, 1992) revealed in a research study on nurses perceptions of specialty certification that nurses anticipated an automatic validation of professional achievement as well as an improvement in their self-image upon becoming certified. The study also revealed that 84% of all the 493 respondents who were surveyed said that certification would enable them make improvements in patient care skills. Nurses with specialty certification tend to get respect and great admiration from their peers because of their expertise and advanced knowledge. Certification stimulates many nurses to stay up-to-date with knowledge and practice since they are often exposed to continuing education. Additionally, certification makes it easy for nurses to find opportunities for private practice, where they can take up career roles as expert witnesses or consultants (Tenney, Demoucell Wians, 1992) This research explores the perceptions that influence nurses into seeking specialty certification. The research delves into benefits of getting nursing certification with a view to find different perceived benefits and inherent, self-evident benefits. The main aim of this research, therefore, is to clarify the validity of different benefits of getting certified. Tenney, Demoucell and Wians (1992) lists five main different areas where benefits are achieved through specialty nursing certification: (a) to the individual nurse, (b) areas of specialty practice, (c) the nursing profession, (d) the nursing institution, and (e) the community. This research will explain the benefits of nursing in all these different areas, although the main emphasis will be on the benefits that accrue to the individual nurse, the main aim being to try and disentangle inherent benefits from mere perceptions. To the specialty practice, certification makes it easy for different levels of competence in the practice to be clearly drawn out and defiined. Through certification, the legitimacy a certain specialization is guaranteed. To the nursing profession, certification is a form of self-regulation. A nurse is recognized through the validity of his proficiency. A nurse who is certified in a certain areas is considered to have mastered a certain body of highly specialized knowledge, has adhered to certain established standards and has become competent in terms of practice and experience. The nursing institution, too, derives many benefits through certification, one of them being creation of a basis for hiring, promotions, wage increases, and provision of practice privileges. Certification is a good basis for third-party payment (Edari and Staff, 1979 cited in Tenney, Demoucell Wians, 1992). The community benefits through certification through improvement in quality in the care given to patients. For a nurse to become certified, he has to commit some time, money and energy into the certification process. There are exams to be taken, and this means drawing up study plans for several months that precede the exam. Demauro (2008) says that today, certifications are available for almost every nursing specialty such as the American Nursing Credentialing Center (ANCC) or Board of Certification for American Nurses). The ANCC certifies nurses in more than 20 different specialties. Certification, adds Demauro, is a good basis of getting a pay increase, whereby certified nurses according to national salary statistics, earn more compared to their uncertified colleagues with the same level of academic qualifications. According to Demauro (2008) many nurses are motivated to seek certification since it carries the same connotation regardless of where one works in the military, NGOs, private practice and so on. National salary surveys indicate that it becomes easy for certified nurses to get better-paying jobs that fall squarely along their chosen career paths. Buy custom Means of Empowering Nurses essay

Air Travel Safety and Probable Causes of Human Error

Air Travel Safety and Probable Causes of Human Error Should airlines have a specific criterion in hiring new applicants in order to ensure consistent quality service? Hashtag: #CertificatesOfDoom Air Travel Safety and Probable Causes of Human Error Commercial aircraft’s hull-loss accident rate is 1.5 per one million departures making it the safest form of mass transportation in the world. However, despite tremendous improvements in commercial jets technology, the safety of air travel constantly depends on human efficiency and reliability or in the qualifications of aircraft’s pilot and crew. UK statistics of transport accidents in 2003 suggest that there are 20 times more people being killed in car accidents than passengers of commercial airlines each year. Traveling  by air is also 4 times safer than rail travel. In fact, the average fatality for every 12.5 million passengers carried by UK airlines is one. Moreover, airline passenger’s overall survivability rate in the year 2000 was already 95.7% and probably much higher today due to continuous improvement in aircraft’s design, operation, maintenance, and air traffic control. Except for human error, this makes commercial airlines the fastest, reliable, and safest type of mass transportation in the world. Human error is the main contributor to aircraft accidents. In fact, despite the presence of automated flight management systems and adaptive cruise control in cockpits, the common cause of aircraft accidents is human errors. Specifically, these are pilot’s intentional violation of operating procedures, incorrect reasoning, slips or mistakes caused by fatigue, and wrong response to a critical situation. Slips caused by fatigue are easy to accept, but breaking the rules and making faulty responses and reasoning is a quite strange for a well-educated, highly trained, and adequately experienced aviation pilot. Are these pilots really skilled and competent or holders of #CertificatesOfDoom from an aviation college in Nairobi? Critical Essay Airlines Criterion and Academically Incompetent Pilots Airlines have a  specific criterion in hiring new applicants in order to ensure consistent quality service. On the other side of the coin, it is also a precautionary measure to prevent entry of â€Å"half-baked† pilots or those with poor quality aviation training, less piloting experience, and insufficient formal education. It is quite evident that an ideal airline pilot is one with adequate formal education, well trained and with long hours of flight experience. A pilot holding a deceitfully acquired academic certificate or #CertificatesOfDoom, therefore, has no business whatsoever in the aviation industry. The recent Twitter expose about some aviation graduates that bought their degrees and certificates in various fields of Aeronautics, is a sad indication that some pilots of commercial airlines are academically incompetent. Another is the shocking reality that these certificates were sold by the institution that we all hoped to teach good values and promote learning in young people. Free Sample Essay about Travelling Academically incompetent pilots must not be allowed to fly or work in the aviation industry. In particular, those who acquired their degrees without attending the class are dangerous people with no respect for human life. The aviation industry should keep them out or terminate those who are already in the industry. In time, their lack of academic knowledge will take its toll on their ability to reason, make right decisions, and correctly respond to life-threatening situations. Remember, human error is not only responsible for significant financial losses but to the thousands of people who were killed by one man’s incompetence.

The Profession of Woman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Profession of Woman - Essay Example On the other hand, she advised the teachers to prepare students in such a way that they communicate their intellectual ideas with the third party who might either be an ignorant child or a friend ready to give a listening ear. The article was written by Catherine Beecher who was a member of an illustrious family that was new in England. She was also the founder of Hartford female seminary. She wrought this article because she wanted to create awareness of the female education. She wanted to promote and encourage the provision of female higher education in the United States. She had had the intention of promoting girls to pursue their education to higher levels. She also intended to make people know that it is the responsibility of the parent, teacher, and friends to shape the social, moral and intellectual character of an individual. The intended audience of Catherine is the teachers, parents and the girl child. She says that it is up to mothers and teachers to shape up and guide the growth of the female children, but it is up to the children themselves to form their physical habits and influence their friends positively. There are three major points that come out strongly in this article. The first one is teachers should prepare the students to share their knowledge with others. In the article, it is written that â€Å"†¦.defect in education is that it has not been made a definite object with teachers to prepare their pupils to instruct others. For of how comparatively little value is knowledge laid up in the mind if it is never to be imparted to others, and yet how few have ever been taught to communicate their ideas with facility and propriety. That there is the best way of teaching as well as of doing everything else cannot be disputed, and this can no more be learned by intuition than can any of the mechanical arts.

Db4 team and leadership Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Db4 team and leadership - Research Paper Example To ensure that every member is heard and given the required opportunity, the manager can consider taking various steps. They include improving effectiveness of communication among the members, fostering understanding, boosting members self-esteem, encouraging suggestions and inputs, organizing team’s and individual roles, offering rewards and recognition. The first step involves improving communication among the members and their leaders. Effective communication enhances understanding and appreciation among the members. It improves interactions among the members and thus creates better opportunities to support coordination. The manager should then develop various strategies to ensure that everyone understand that the ultimate goals can only be achieved through effective coordination and teamwork’s contributions. Such an understanding would encourage members to value and respects everyone’s contributions and roles. Low self-esteem contributed by conflicts, and poor coordination can cause a detrimental impact and affect achievement of the set objectives (Rapoport & Bailyn, 1996). The manager must motivate every member to play a role in the teams. Conflicts and low-esteem can be eliminated through organizing for regular meetings and appreciating everyone’s efforts. It is also beneficial to ensure that everyone understands his roles and expectations. A standard performance measure should be developed to evaluate the contributions of every member. The effort will help eliminate conflicts because everyone will be expected to meet the minimum requirements (Clutterbuck, 2007). Finally, it is beneficial to offer rewards and recognition to the good performers. Rewarding and recognizing good performances encourage everyone to aim

Electricity Demand and Supply Pakistan Essay Example for Free

Electricity Demand and Supply Pakistan Essay Electricity load-shedding in Pakistan is one of the biggest domestic problems faced by the country. Along with the problems that the power shortage brings for the society as a whole and for the inhabitants of the society the power failures seriously curbs the economic potential of the economy. Considering most of the medium and large scale industries of Pakistan depend on machinery that is run by electricity they are heavily dependent on the electricity supply, with the electricity supply cut their production capacity decreases dramatically as well. Since most of Pakistani manufacturing industries lack the self generation ability hence this power outage is even more harmful to their business. So eventually what ends up happening is that along with creating general distress among the public this power shortage reduces the production capacity of the firms and hence reduces the aggregate supply. Aggregate supply can be defined as the total supply of goods and services that firms in a national economy plan on selling during a specific time period. It is the total amount of goods and services that firms are willing to sell at a given price level in an economy. It is the total amount of goods and services that firms are willing to sell at a given price level in an economy. In the long run, the aggregate-supply curve is assumed to be vertical In the short run, the aggregate-supply curve is assumed to be upward sloping SRAS (Short run aggregate demand) shows total planned output when prices in the economy can change but the prices and productivity of all factor inputs e.g. wage rates and the state of technology are assumed to be held constant. LRAS (Long run aggregate supply) shows total planned output when both prices and average wage rates can change – it is a measure of a country’s potential output and the concept is linked strongly to that of the production poss ibility frontier The SRAS and LRAS can be graphically represented as follows: SRAS LRAS Now what happens is that firms will have to cut down their production process in order to effectively meet the costs incurred or it will come to a position of losses. The cutting down of the production process means  decreasing the supply of the firm. As a firm produces lesser than it did before, fewer workers will be needed because the excess labor has been made redundant since fewer employees are now needed to produce lesser output. Moreover, the firm can no longer afford to employ as many workers as it did before. Hence this will eventually give rise to over the course of time as many workers have will have to be laid off in industries due to low activity. This will invariably decrease the total consumption of the population because as the unemployment increases the purchasing power of the people also falls. They are now earning fewer wages and the income effect will lead to a drastic decrease in the consumption. Consumption is one of the major contributors in the aggregate demand function. We define aggregate demand as the total demand for all goods and services produced in the economy at a given time and price level. It is the amount of goods and services in the economy that will be produced at all possible price levels. The aggregate demand is usually described as a linear sum of four separable demand sources.[3] Where: C = Consumption I = Investment G = Government Spending (X-M) = Net Exports – Net Imports The graph for AD is as follows: It is often cited that the aggregate demand curve is downward sloping because at lower price levels a greater quantity is demanded. While this is correct at the microeconomic, single good level, at the aggregate level this is incorrect. The aggregate demand curve is in fact downward sloping as a result of the Pigou’s wealth effect. Pigou effect is an economics term that refers to the stimulation of output and employment caused by increasing consumption due to a rise in real balances of wealth, particularly during deflation. Keynes said that a drop in aggregate demand could lower employment and the price level (deflationary depression). Hence it can be  said that any decrease in the consumption would bring about a fall in the aggregate demand. Consumer demand or consumption, that is also known as personal consumption expenditure, is the largest part of aggregate demand or effective demand at the macroeconomic level. The interaction of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply gives us the market equilibrium. Now as has been previously pointed out, frequent power cuts will mean a cutting down of the production process which invariably brings about a decrease in the aggregate supply. What happens is that as aggregate supply decreases with the aggregate demand being constant (as obviously people would still be demanding the same quantity of products) inflation will increase as shown below: Now here we can see with AS moving to a new point as it decreases it is actually increasing the price level which results in inflation and as a result unemployment increases as well, because when there is inflation in the economy there is a rise in prices hence there is a fall in the demand of goods and services and the producers reduce their production level and as a result they end up decreasing the number of workers which means unemployment increases. Unemployment on the macroeconomic level is a sign that the economy is operating below its full production capacity, this is a sign of inefficiency. Here we can see that inflation is playing a key role in determining the employment level. Hence we’ll have a look at how load shedding gives rise to inflation. Inflation is conventionally defined as a general increase in the level of prices in goods and services. One of the effects of inflation is a decrease in the value of money. During the course of inflation income and prices do not increase at the same rate; the purchasing power of the nation as a whole drops. One of the reasons of inflation is surplus amount of money which causes the prices to rise at an extremely high rate. Other than that, another reason for inflation is the rise in the costs of production which in turn increases the prices of the products. Moreover inflation occurs when aggregate supply exceeds aggregate demand hence increasing the price level. In the context of load shedding though, we see that it has been a triggering stimulus for initiating inflation. The CPI inflation averaged 23.5 percent in July-February 2008-09 in Pakistan as against 8.9 percent in the comparable period of last year. The deficiency of energy sources is causing stir on the demand side of the economic picture causing an increase in the demand for energy sources as it has a huge effect on all spheres of economy of a nation having a primary influence on industry level. The insufficiency of the available energy sources is causing the people to demand more electricity to meet their needs on the individual as well as industry level which in turn when observed in the context of graphical representation shows a shift of the demand curve to the right causing a shift of the equilibrium position increasing the price level. (Demand-Pull Inflation) The increase in level of inflation has also been caused due to an increase in the cost of energy sources. The scarcity of the energy resources available to the industries is making them shift to other sources for the purpose of energy generation which in turn has caused their costs to sky rocket. Now, due to the heavy burden that everyone has to face in this state of affairs is causing a shift of the AS curve in terms of graphical representation of the scenario. The increase in the costs of production for the industries in turn affects the aggregate supply causing it to decline. This shift of the AS curve to the left also then causes the equilibrium price level to rise, in turn stirring up inflation in the society (Cost- Push Inflation). The power tariffs imposed would further increase the industrial input cost which is already very high making the products more expensive in the domestic as well as the international market. As far as the international market is concerned, the competitive edge of a country would be lost as their goods are more expensive in comparison to the other countries.

Athol Fugards drama, Master Harold :: Athol Fugard Master Harold Essays

Athol Fugard's drama, "Master Harold" . . . And The Boys, was written during a time of great conflict in South Africa, where he was raised. Fugard was torn between his mother, who was "Afrikaaner," (1291) and his father, who was "of English decent" (1291). These differing influences caused Fugard to use the discussions between Sam and Hally to demonstrate the religious, racial, and political tensions of his lifetime in South Africa. The discussion between Sam and Hally about who was "a man of magnitude" (1300) represents the religious tensions of Fugard's lifetime in South Africa between the growing belief in evolution and Jesus Christ's teaching of Creation. Hally says that Charles Darwin was "a man of magnitude," (1300) because he was "somebody who benefited all mankind" (1301). He admires Darwin "for his Theory of Evolution" (1301), which according to Hally, proves "where we come from and what it all means" (1301). Sam totally disagrees with Darwin's "Theory of Evolution" (1301) because evolution is in contrast to the Bible's teaching on Creationism, and he says that just because it is in a book it "does not mean [he's] got to believe it" (1301). Sam believes that "Jesus Christ" (1302) was "a man of magnitude" (1300). Hally is obviously against Sam's suggestion of Jesus Christ, because Hally makes it clear that he is "an atheist" (1303). This disagreement between Sam and Hally is really just an example of the religious tensions in South Africa during Fugard's lifetime between the "Theory of Evolution," (1301) which was becoming more accepted, and Christianity, which was taught by Jesus Christ. A second discussion between Sam and Hally that occurs after Hally learns that his father has gone home demonstrates the racial tensions of Fugard's lifetime in South Africa. When Sam starts lecturing Hally about how he treats his father, Hally becomes angry and tells Sam that he is "treading on dangerous ground" (1321). Hally also tells Sam that his "mother is right"(1322) about "warning [him] about allowing you to get to familiar" (1322). The climax of the argument is when Hally tells Sam that he is "only a servant" (1322). This is the first noticeable statement that Hally makes that demonstrates the racial tensions experienced in South Africa. The next racial statement Hally makes is when he tells Sam that his father is his boss because "he's a white man and that's good enough for [him]" (1322).

Robert M Lafollette

Vocation: Politician- was youngest member of United States House of Representatives at age 29 in 1884, Senator of Wisconsin, Progressive party representative candidate (1912), one-time presidential candidate (1924). Lawyer- district attorney in Wisconsin; ran a successful legal firm in Wisconsin. Background: †¢Family: Born into a poor but respectable family in Dane County, Wisconsin. Father died eight months after Robert’s birth. Mother worked extremely hard to support her four children.Married Belle Case LaFollette and had 4 children including Robert M. LaFollette Jr. , and Philip Fox La Follette, both of whom followed Robert Sr. into politics. A gifted speaker, he considered pursuing a career in acting, but was instead driven to law by need to support family. †¢Education: Attended University of Wisconsin-Madison and University of Wisconsin Law School. He supported himself by teaching school and editing the school periodical at university. †¢Legal Life: Admitte d as an attorney into the Wisconsin bar in 1880.Within a year he had been elected district attorney of Dane County, Wisconsin. Was in United States House of Representatives for three terms, from 1884-1890. After tenure there, he returned to work at his prosperous legal firm. Become governor of Wisconsin in 1900. Moved from governor to United States Senate in 1906, where he served as an active member of the progressive division of the Republican Party until death in 1925. Disliked by many members of the Senate due to his non-conforming ways and fiercely honest manner.Defining Moment: A few months after his failure to earn re-election into Congress, LaFollette was approached by another state Republican leader who offered him a bribe to fix a court case against several former state officials (LaFollette did not accept). Contributions: As governor, he created corporate tax and implemented â€Å"The Wisconsin Idea†, a plan to use government as an agent of social and political refo rm. LaFollette worked on reforming taxes, railroads, banking, conservation, insurance, public service, and industrial problems.When Woodrow Wilson won the election in 1912, he adopted many of LaFollette’s political ideas. They worked together to create the Department of Labor and the Federal Trade Commission. LaFollette fought for higher work wages and better working conditions. He also advocated women’s suffrage and civil rights for ethnic minorities. His ideas impacted entire 20th century. They led to laws benefiting the working class and even larger changes during presidential tenures of Franklin Roosevelt, Harry Truman, and Lyndon B. Johnson.

Raffles Hotel

International hospitality practice Raffles Hotel in Singapore Full Situational Audit of the Raffles Hotel and Develop a Strategic Place for the next 3 Years. Cover Page: Student Number, Module Code, Title, Module Tutor Table of Contents, List of Tables, Figures and Appendices Introduction Explaining the Purpose of the Report Brief Company Overview (10% of the assignment mark) 400 words External Audit: analysis of relevant macro-environmental (PESTE) and industry dynamics (Porter’s Five Forces), an assignment of competition and evaluation of Key Success Factors.The application David’s Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrix might assist your analytical process (30%) 1200 words Internal Audit: Analysis of the company’s strategic positioning in the marketplace and key target segments, an evaluation of the corporate portfolio and expansion strategies in relation to the firm’s centric approach and a comprehensive strengths-weaknesses analysis of current resources and co mpetences, value chain activities and value networks. The application David’s Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) matrix might assist your analytical process (30%) 1200 wordsStrategic plan for the next three years: This should include an evaluation of strategic options (TOWS matrix), the development of a new sales target, SMART objectives, the development of a mix of suitable strategies and a monitoring, control and contingency plan. (30%) 1200 words List of references Company Overview Raffles Hotel is a colonial-style hotel in Singapore. It was established by two Armenian brothers from Persia—Martin and Tigran Sarkies—in 1887. In later years they were joined by younger brothers Aviet and Arshak and kinsman Martyrose Arathoon.With their innovative cuisine and extensive modernisations, the firm built the hotel into Singapore's best known icon. It was named afterStamford Raffles, the founder of modern Singapore, whose statue had been unveiled in 1887. The hotel is cu rrently managed byFairmont Raffles Hotels International and houses a tropical garden courtyard, museum, and Victorian-style theatre. Raffles Hotel has a shopping arcade housing boutique brands such as Louis Vuitton, Surrender, and Tiffany & Co.. The arcade houses most of the hotel's restaurants.It also has shops such as the custom tailor, CYC The Custom Shop,[9] which makes shirts for Singapore's first prime minister, Lee Kuan Yew, and the third and current prime minister, Lee Hsien Loong. The third floor of the arcade houses the Raffles Hotel Museum and Jubilee Hall. Accommodation The hotel has 103 suites: – 84 Courtyard and Palm Court Suites – 12 Personality Suites – 5 Grand Hotel Suites – 2 Presidential Suites Activities – 15 Restaurants and bars – Raffles Spa – Outdoor swimming pool – Raffles Hotel Shopping Arcade Jubilee Hall theatre – Raffles Hotel gardens – Gymnasium – Event spaces – Executive centre Business Services A team of 24-hour personal Raffles butlers endeavours to assist hotel guests in all matters of business and leisure throughout their stay. The Executive Centre is another haven where residents can work or relax at their wish. Designed as a study, it is fitted with personal computer workstations and printers, and stocked with a selection of international newspapers, business magazines as well as commercial/industrial trade directories.The perfect location for a business meeting, Raffles Singapore features seven function rooms for events of up to 350 guests. With a choice of rooms, attentive service and all the technology you would expect, we’ll make it happen – exactly the way you want it Facilities Outdoor Swimming Pool & Bar Luxuriate in an exclusive haven by the rooftop pool, set amidst the lush tropical surroundings. Raffles Hotel Shopping Arcade Raffles Hotel Shopping Arcade stands as an oasis of calm amidst the busy city and is an integra l part of the world-renowned Raffles Singapore.The shopping arcade offers an extraordinary experience to discerning shoppers both locally and from around the world. It houses over 35 international and regional fashion and designer stores, as well as the popular Raffles Shop with fascinating memorabilia and collectibles available for purchase. Jubilee Hall A charming, Victorian-style theatre playhouse seating 388 guests, Jubilee Hall is noted as a premier cultural venue for varied repertoires and ceremonies. Sir Charles – Flowers For The GentlemanWith a bloom for the gentleman to shower upon his lady and a posy for the lady to accord her gentleman, let the distinguished flowers from Sir Charles speak for you. From hand posies and hand bouquets to potted floras and lavish arrangements, Sir Charles has a delightful bloom for every joyous occasion. Gardens at Raffles Hotel Raffles Singapore is perfectly accompanied by the lush greenery and the landscaping which make up a quarter of the total land area of the Hotel.The gardens and courtyards at the hotel include the Palm Court, Palm Garden, Fern Court, The Lawn, Raffles Courtyard and Raffles Square. An iconic plant found in the gardens of Raffles Singapore is the Travellers Palm, which as tales would tell, has been known to save the lives of travellers in search of water with its fan-shaped foliage providing welcoming shade. The leaves are also said to be aligned on an East-West axis, thus pointing travellers in the right direction. Limousine ServiceArrive in style at the grand gravel driveway of Raffles Singapore with our chauffeured limousine service, or be whisked away to your next destination after your stay with us. Our classic Daimler or Bentley limousines promise to transport you to the glorious heydays of a bygone era, without which no Raffles experience is complete. A luxurious fleet of other modern limousines are also available. Family Outdoor Swimming Pool Luxuriate in an exclusive haven by the ro oftop pool, set amidst the lush tropical surroundings.Raffles Hotel Shopping Arcade Raffles Hotel Shopping Arcade stands as an oasis of calm amidst the busy city and is an integral part of the world-renowned Raffles Singapore. The shopping arcade offers an extraordinary experience to discerning shoppers both locally and from around the world. It houses over 35 international and regional fashion and designer stores, as well as the popular Raffles Shop with fascinating memorabilia and collectibles available for purchase. Resident HistorianExperience a tour with Raffles Singapore’s very own Resident Historian Leslie Danker who has been with the hotel for almost 40 years. 24-Hour Butler Service At Raffles Singapore, we want our hotel guests to feel the ultimate service from our hearts. Delivering a high level of discreet and attentive service is the role of the Raffles butler. We call that ‘service with a gentle breeze’. The butler team can also make arrangements for babysitting services, offer children’s amenities such as toys and games, should you require them.

Free Essays on Changing How We Teach

Changing How We Teach In Escambia county of North West Florida the results of Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (FCAT) for 2004 reveal that our students continue to fail to meet the grade when it comes to reading. Our education system does not prepare our students well enough to graduate from high school and being prepared for college or being able to truly function in the work force is rare. Our system doesn’t work and we need to change it. This year only 29% of ninth grade and 26% of tenth grade students were reading on grade level. Florida state law requires a student to pass the FCAT in 10th grade, this is achieved by getting a score of 3 on a scale of 1-5, in order to graduate and receive a diploma. About 32% of Florida freshmen fail to earn a diploma four years later (LaCoste, Crisis in the classrooms). Nearly 70% of new enrollments at the local community college require reading remediation classes before they can even begin college-courses (LaCoste, Everyone’s problem). Several factors have contributed to this problem; lack of required reading classes beyond elementary school (LaCoste, Behind the crisis†¦), lack of a consistent and focused reading technique program in elementary school leaves many children unable to read at grade level by the end of fifth grade, and social promotion, the promoting of children to the next grade level with their peers even though they are not prepared (LaCoste, Crisis in the classrooms). The long term affect of this is the lack of an educated, prepared and capable work force. The existence of jobs that only require a basic reading and writing capability are almost non- existent; the growing trend in business is to be more competitive, that requires employee’s to have computer skills and to be able to read and communicate effectively. Fixing the problem will require more than one solution, just putting band-aids on may satisfy the community’s call for improvement but they ... Free Essays on Changing How We Teach Free Essays on Changing How We Teach Changing How We Teach In Escambia county of North West Florida the results of Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (FCAT) for 2004 reveal that our students continue to fail to meet the grade when it comes to reading. Our education system does not prepare our students well enough to graduate from high school and being prepared for college or being able to truly function in the work force is rare. Our system doesn’t work and we need to change it. This year only 29% of ninth grade and 26% of tenth grade students were reading on grade level. Florida state law requires a student to pass the FCAT in 10th grade, this is achieved by getting a score of 3 on a scale of 1-5, in order to graduate and receive a diploma. About 32% of Florida freshmen fail to earn a diploma four years later (LaCoste, Crisis in the classrooms). Nearly 70% of new enrollments at the local community college require reading remediation classes before they can even begin college-courses (LaCoste, Everyone’s problem). Several factors have contributed to this problem; lack of required reading classes beyond elementary school (LaCoste, Behind the crisis†¦), lack of a consistent and focused reading technique program in elementary school leaves many children unable to read at grade level by the end of fifth grade, and social promotion, the promoting of children to the next grade level with their peers even though they are not prepared (LaCoste, Crisis in the classrooms). The long term affect of this is the lack of an educated, prepared and capable work force. The existence of jobs that only require a basic reading and writing capability are almost non- existent; the growing trend in business is to be more competitive, that requires employee’s to have computer skills and to be able to read and communicate effectively. Fixing the problem will require more than one solution, just putting band-aids on may satisfy the community’s call for improvement but they ...

Fathom vs. Phantom

Fathom vs. Phantom Fathom vs. Phantom Fathom vs. Phantom By Maeve Maddox A recent letter to the editor begins this way: The most recent short-term fathom around the United States is the so-called outbreak of Ebola. The writer wishes to point out that the reported Ebola threat to the United States was not only short-lived, but also insubstantial, a â€Å"short-term phantom.† Here are the most common definitions of phantom as the word is used in modern English: phantom [FAN-tm] (noun): 1. A thing (usually with human form) that appears to the sight or other sense but has no material substance; an apparition, a specter, a ghost. 2. Something merely imagined; an image in a dream, vision, etc. Also: a (usually delusory) notion or idea that plays on the mind or haunts the imagination. phantom (adjective): illusory, imaginary. Examples of current usage: Noun Michael Crawford originated the role of the phantom in The Phantom of the Opera at Her Majesty’s Theatre in London in 1986. I heard reports of the ice phantom, saw the secret spot where it was said to appear, [and] wondered about it for two years.   Are Water Well Meters a Phantom or Reality? Adjective Approximately 5 to 10% of individuals with an amputation experience phantom sensations in their amputated limb, and the majority of the sensations are painful.   Between King, Gohmert, and West, three separate House committees could decide to spend valuable congressional time combating a phantom threat.   The word fathom is an extremely old English word. It is used with more than one meaning. NOTE: The a in the first syllable of fathom is short, like the a in phantom, but the second syllable begins with the sound of th as in this. The two words do not sound alike. As a term of measurement, a fathom is a length of about six feet, commonly used to measure the depth of water. The original meaning of the noun fathom was â€Å"the two arms outstretched.† A fathom was the length represented by the arms of a full-grown man held straight out to either side. The literal meaning of the verb, to fathom is â€Å"to encircle with the arms.† For example, a tree trunk might be too thick for a man to fathom (i.e., encircle with his arms). When fathom came to be used to measure depth, the verb acquired a figurative meaning implying deep thinking and mental comprehension. For example: The traditional philosopher hoped to fathom the world through the exercise of reason alone. The catastrophe was an enactment of god’s moral justice, which mere mortals could not hope to fathom. A far more common error than using fathom for phantom is the error of using phantom for fathom: Examples of this error are especially plentiful in self-published works, both fiction and nonfiction: I thought that’s what you said. I just can’t phantom it, that’s all. –The Chronicles of Chanute Crossing, Book Two: Nurtured in Purple. I just can’t phantom in my mind the hardship they had to endure –Slavery: Where Did it Come From? I can’t phantom what the lead detective was thinking on this one. –Rainbows in the Dark. The error is also common in contexts other than self-publishing. Here are examples from a variety of sources, including the testimony of a government policy director: In a town with plenty of great sushi, I  cant phantom why anyone would want to  go here anymore. [A pet owner] just cant phantom why anyone would want to steal a dog. I  cant phantom why gas in Louisville exceeds the national average, time and time again. We are just beginning to phantom the importance of broadband deployment. I honestly  cant phantom why  people dont use spellcheck. If what you mean is â€Å"I can’t understand,† it might be best to go with â€Å"I can’t understand.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Words with More Than One SpellingSelect vs. SelectedPreposition Mistakes #1: Accused and Excited

Strategic Management Business & Management Case Study

Strategic Management Business & Management - Case Study Example The company did not respond to the changing management needs and continued to pay heavy packages to its workers and coupled with low response to fashion changes, it has lost its customers confidence. JZ Benny did not respond to the competitive edge that the new entrants like Spanish El Dorado and Scandinavian Helgar were employing. It remained static in the fashion outsourcing even when its competitors changed to fast fashion model shops. While the competitors outsourced their fashions from Eastern Europe, JZ Benny instead rushed to China and South East Asia which sold at low cost. Thinking this as a cost advantage over the rivals, it turned out to be a stock burden for the company since they had to buy in bulk and hence were left with indispensable stock at the end of the season. This was a miscalculated marketing strategy resulting from inefficient market analysis. The company failed to keep up with its competitors who resulted to e-supply chain which enabled them to connect the customers with the designers hence placed in the market what the customer preferred. This ensured that they were always ahead of other retailers since they stocked what the customers liked. JZ Benny saw a management gap and responded by fishing Bob D'Saster from competitor Helgar Fashions. As the CEO of JZ Benny, D'Saster was confident that cost cutting measures and investment in technology would turn the chain around to start making profit. Cost cut measures were implemented leading to layoff of about 20% of the staff and heavy investment in RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tags to help in improving the Barcode Inventory Processing. However this did not help the company and the AGM dismissed D'Saster and placed John Hammond as the CEO. As expressed by Courtney et al., 1997, the case of JZ Benny is a management problem. The company has been under a management that does not recognized that the company is in a dynamic industry which is highly competitive. Fashion industry has seen a lot of revolution and even the giants in Paris and Milan have not been spared. With the rise of USA and ASIA and fashion centres of the world, the company needs to wake up to the changes taking place in the market. As part of the strategic management, the company should first embrace the e-commerce models to have more links between designers and customers. It should also look into expansion strategy to widen its operation base. This model should be in line with the following analysis of the business and its operation environment. The company should not be disposed to tycoon McQueen since it can use this proposed model to turn round its fortunes. (Michael and Jude, 1997) External Analysis (a) Political The company operates in an enabling political environment. The fusion of the political and business environment is suitable for its operation. The business commission has already barred McQueen from acquiring the company as per its rules. With the formation of the European Union the company should

THE PSYCHOLOGY OF INDIVIDUAL & ORGANISATIONAL HEALTH Essay

THE PSYCHOLOGY OF INDIVIDUAL & ORGANISATIONAL HEALTH - Essay Example Stress, as a term, has been – and still is – an issue of diverse opinions. In the past, defining stress was an effort, mainly concentrated on the physiological side of the problem. However; stress in nowadays’ terms can be expanded to a notion covering a much wider range of mental and physical reactions to various stimuli. According to sources of the American Stress Association (AIS), stress could be defined as â€Å"a condition or feeling, experienced when a person perceives that demands exceed the personal and social resources the individual is able to mobilize†. Also listed are other classifications, defining stress as "the non-specific response of the body to any demand for change," as well as â€Å"the sense of having little or no control.† A common idea of the aforesaid information is the mention of a feeling or experience (positive or negative), caused by a reaction to outside good or bad factors, respectively. So, in order to proceed with th e term, having a domain that is adequately large, stress shall be thus generalized. On with its analysis, a further look at causes of stress, or specifically distress, would be of significance. In the conditions of a lifestyle, so rapid as it is today, stress is simply inevitable. The jobs of people quite often require them to meet deadlines, push for higher productivity, compete with other businesses or employees, and â€Å"increasing pressure on the individual worker to constantly operate at peak performance,† among a number of other things which produce an effect on anyone’s nervous system, namely stress (Stress at Work). In addition, the current economic recession ads heat to the situation at the job. â€Å"Reorganizations, takeovers, mergers, downsizing and other changes have become major stressors for employees,† which is now common, regardless of profession and age. Of course, there are supplementary factors, such as adjusting toward work

Skullcandy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Skullcandy - Essay Example The aim of this report is to highlight the team structure used in the development of new products at Skullcandy. In addition, the report would also highlight the reasons for adopting such a team structure along with the size and growth of the company. The team structure applied for the new product development at Skullcandy was a mixture of topologies. It was observed that from senior management to employees, every single employee was involved in the development process. This indicates that the team structure applied was a mixture of lightweight and heavyweight topologies. Types of developments teams include; functional teams, lightweight teams, heavyweight teams and autonomous team structures. At Skullcandy, the team structure that was applied for the new product development was a combination of lightweight and heavyweight team structures. But because the company’s size was small, the company was focusing more on lightweight team structure and generally smaller firms rely on lightweight team structure.... The aim of this team was to gain initial sales contracts based on the prototypes provided by the designers. d) The last team that was involved in the new product development was for design refinement. This evidence proves that the team structure used in the development of new product was lightweight. On the other hand, the heavyweight team structure was also involved in the development of new product. Some of the evidence for the involvement of heavyweight teams area as follows; a) Josh Poulsen was responsible for handling the lightweight teams so that they could meet their deadlines effectively. b) Dan Levine was responsible for taking major decisions regarding the product. c) Before the manufacturing of the product, the last decision was taken by Rick Alden, the founder of the company, as tooling of the product entails large irreversible investment. Growth and Size Influencing Development Process The company that came into existence to provide the customers with headphones that could serve dual purpose was smaller in size but the company was growing at a very fast pace. In its initial years, the company broke its $1 million in sales in 2005 and in the following year, the company was able to increase its sales up to $10 million. In 2007, the company was able to attract most of the customers and the revenues of the company accounted for $35 millions. In the following year, the company was able to double its sales figures and revenues. The sales figure for 2008 was $86.5 million followed by over $100 million. This indicates that the company was doubling its sales figures which eventually led to the growth of the company but was unable to enhance its size. To meet the demands of the

The Famous Poetry Of Amy Lowell

The Famous Poetry Of Amy Lowell Who was Amy Lowell? For the very few that do remember her, regard her as an obese, homosexual, and lonely, unmarried woman that enjoyed smoking cigars and wearing mens shirts. However, we overlook the fact that she is well-known for bringing the Imagist movement to the United States and that she is solely responsible for the creation of the polyphonic prose. Also, no one discusses how she a broke free from societys standards of what a young woman should be Brought up in a prestigious, affluent household, she was taught how to be a young lady. Being a Lowell daughter, she would then be married off at the age of seventeen, but no marriage proposal arrived for her that year. Since she had no right to an education, it was then that this seventeen-year-old girl began to educate herself by immersing herself in her fathers 17,000-volume library, where she discovered poet John Keats. From within the constraints of society, Lowell was able to break away and discover her true self. She once s aid: For books are more than books, they are the life, the very heart and core of ages past, the reason why men worked and died, the essence and quintessence of their lives. Amy Lowell lived by this very idea. Her books and her poetry are what gave her life and meaning. Through such, Lowell delved herself into the depths of nature and emotion as her key subjects when writing poetry. One specific quality of Lowells poetry was that she used sharp, clear language along with vivid imagery to make a statement. She saw no need in inserting vague and ambiguous references. To her the best poetry was that which flowed by itself as in everyday language. There was no need to abide by the limitations that certain types of poetry brought about, such as Italian sonnets with their a-b-b-a format. Lowell is able to portray this very thought process beautifully in Lilacs, which is one of the best representations of imagist poetry. The overall poem has no hidden or deeper meaning to it and in fact, can be taken completely literally, which is one of the reasons it holds so strong among other imagist poetry. The poem begins with Lilacs,/ False Blue,/ White,/ Purple,/ Color of Lilac, which Lowell continues to repeat at the beginning of stanzas 2 and 4 as well. This repetition of the subject, allows the reader to refocus on the true topic of the poem. At the same time, Lowell in the first stanza uses apostrophe to speak directly to the lilacs, referring to them as you. The speaker continues to state that the lilacs are everywhere in this New England, watching a deserted house, as well as settling sideways into the grass of an old road (21, 17, 18). Slowly, Lowell begins to focus less and less on the physical characteristics of the lilacs, but more so on what they are physically doing and what they are capable of doing, personifying the lilacs in the process. The lilacs are now standing by the pasture-bars to give the cows good milking, persuad[ing] the housewife that her dishpan was of silver, and flaunt[ing] the fragrance of [its] blossoms (28, 29, 31). Through these acts, the reader quickly sees the lilacs as benefiting the things and people around them. Finally towards the Put in conclusion: For the rest though, she continues to be just another poet lost in the depths of history. Lilacs,   False blue,   White,   Purple,   Color of lilac,   Your great puffs of flowers   Are everywhere in this my New England.   Among your heart-shaped leaves   Orange orioles hop like music-box birds and sing   Their little weak soft songs;   In the crooks of your branches   The bright eyes of song sparrows sitting on spotted eggs   Peer restlessly through the light and shadow   Of all Springs.   Lilacs in dooryards   Holding quiet conversations with an early moon;   Lilacs watching a deserted house   Settling sideways into the grass of an old road;   Lilacs, wind-beaten, staggering under a lopsided shock of bloom   Above a cellar dug into a hill.   You are everywhere.   You were everywhere.   You tapped the window when the preacher preached his sermon,   And ran along the road beside the boy going to school.   You stood by the pasture-bars to give the cows good milking,   You persuaded the housewife that her dishpan was of silver.   And her husband an image of pure gold.   You flaunted the fragrance of your blossoms   Through the wide doors of Custom Houses-   You, and sandal-wood, and tea,   Charging the noses of quill-driving clerks   When a ship was in from China.   You called to them: Goose-quill men, goose-quill men,   May is a month for flitting.   Until they writhed on their high stools   And wrote poetry on their letter-sheets behind the propped-up ledgers.   Paradoxical New England clerks,   Writing inventories in ledgers, reading the Song of Solomon at night,   So many verses before bed-time,   Because it was the Bible.   The dead fed you   Amid the slant stones of graveyards.   Pale ghosts who planted you   Came in the nighttime   And let their thin hair blow through your clustered stems.   You are of the green sea,   And of the stone hills which reach a long distance.   You are of elm-shaded streets with little shops where they sell kites and marbles,   You are of great parks where every one walks and nobody is at home.   You cover the blind sides of greenhouses   And lean over the top to say a hurry-word through the glass   To your friends, the grapes, inside.   Lilacs, False blue,   White,   Purple,   Color of lilac,   You have forgotten your Eastern origin,   The veiled women with eyes like panthers,   The swollen, aggressive turbans of jeweled pashas.   Now you are a very decent flower,   A reticent flower,   A curiously clear-cut, candid flower,   Standing beside clean doorways,   Friendly to a house-cat and a pair of spectacles,   Making poetry out of a bit of moonlight   And a hundred or two sharp blossoms.   Maine knows you,   Has for years and years;   New Hampshire knows you,   And Massachusetts   And Vermont.   Cape Cod starts you along the beaches to Rhode Island;   Connecticut takes you from a river to the sea.   You are brighter than apples,   Sweeter than tulips,   You are the great flood of our souls   Bursting above the leaf-shapes of our hearts,   You are the smell of all Summers,   The love of wives and children,   The recollection of gardens of little children,   You are State Houses and Charters   And the familiar treading of the foot to and fro on a road it knows.   May is lilac here in New England,   May is a thrush singing Sun up! on a tip-top ash tree,   May is white clouds behind pine-trees   Puffed out and marching upon a blue sky.   May is a green as no other,   May is much sun through small leaves,   May is soft earth,   And apple-blossoms,   And windows open to a South Wind.   May is full light wind of lilac   From Canada to Narragansett Bay.   Lilacs,   False blue,   White,   Purple,   Color of lilac.   Heart-leaves of lilac all over New England,   Roots of lilac under all the soil of New England,   Lilac in me because I am New England,   Because my roots are in it,   Because my leaves are of it,   Because my flowers are for it,   Because it is my country   And I speak to it of itself   And sing of it with my own voice   Since certainly it is mine.

Treatment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Essay -- Post-traumatic st

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a psychological condition that occurs after a traumatic event. In the DSM-IV, it is characterized under anxiety disorders. Some common symptoms include, but are not limited to, intense fear, reliving the experience, persistent avoidance, numbing, diminished interest, and increased arousal. In order to be diagnosed, these symptoms need to be present for more than one month. Subsequently there are many types of treatment for this disorder. In particular the ones that will be discussed in depth are cognitive-behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy, and lastly treatment for children and adolescents. To begin, the most widely practiced form of therapy for the treatment of PTSD is cognitive-behavioral therapy. There are a variety of techniques used in cognitive-behavioral therapy. An example would be, exposure therapy, which is the most well known technique. There are numerous ways to carry out this approach. Ordinarily, it begins with creating a scale of the anxieties. During a treatment session in which flooding is used, exposure to the highest item on the scale is set in motion. Others begin with anxieties that are rated moderately anxiety provoking (Foa, Keane, & Friedman, 2000, p.64). Exposure therapy methods share the common feature if confrontation with frightening stimuli that continues until the anxiety is reduced (Foa, Keane, & Friedman, 2000, p.64). When using exposure therapy it is important to also teach relaxation training, which helps them reduce the anxiety that is induced by the exposure. Systematic desensitization is a perfect illustration of this. Ranking the an xieties on order as to have a gradual increase in difficulty; exposure therapy begins, followed by relaxation training.... ...., (2008). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for ptsd: A case formulation approach. New York, NY: The Guilford Press. Asmundsin, G.J.G., Barnhofer, T., Blackmore, M.A., Collimore, K.C., Daniel, J., Fennell, M.J.V., Foa, E.B., Glibert, P., Goga, P., Heimberg, R.G., Jacofsky, M., Kazantais, N., Khemlani-Patel, S., Kingdon, D., Konstadinidis, L., Kyrios, M., Leahy, R.L., Ledgerwood, D.M., Morasco, B.J., Neziroglu, F., Papageorgiou, C., Petry, N.M., Pinto, A., Rauch, S.A.M., Simos, G., Taylor S., Turkington, D., Weinstock, J. (2009). Cognitive behaviour therapy: A guide for the practicing clinician (Vol 2). New York, NY: Routlege. Scheeringa, M. S., Zeanah, C. H., Drell, M. J. and Larrieu, J. A. 1995: Two approaches to diagnosing posttraumatic stress disorder in infancy and early childhood. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 34, 191-200.

Reaction Paper on Prejudice and Discrimination Essay

The world that we live in today, although improving, is tainted with cruelty and hatred toward different races. Usually, we have stereotypes about people who are members of groups with which we have not had firsthand contact. We regularly make these stereotypical generalizations based on experiences we have had ourselves, seen in movies or television, read about in books and magazines, or have had related to us by family and friends. Though all these are equally significant roots for the stimulation of stereotypes, media however, is a giant force. When thinking of the topics or behaviors of prejudice and stereotyping, I synonymously think of the movie â€Å"Crash,† which exposes different kinds of social and multicultural differences, giving a quick example of how these conducts can affect a society. These behaviors are viewed as thoughts and feelings that almost everyone has felt more than once. In the first scene of the movie, a Muslim man inside a firearm store is attempting to buy a gun. The owner is a white Caucasian male that presents a negative attitude towards the customer because of his Muslim background. This feeling triggers in the owner, negative attitudes based on the assimilation and stereotypes with the Muslim race. Being immediately associated with the Al Qaeda terrorist group, which was responsible for suicidal bombers that have killed thousand of Americans. This negative attitude and violence observed in this particular scene, is an example of prejudice, known as a negative feeling and predisposition of behavior towards a group or any member belonging to that group. This is an issue not only found in America but in the whole world. In our global economy requiring functional and respectful relationships between nations, prejudice and stereotypes can be a destructive force both in the world and in individual societies, especially in diverse ones. Acting on ones hatred can lead to behavior to what we now in days call â€Å"hate crime†, such as in the scene where they break into the Muslim’s man business and vandalize the place completely. Such acts can lead us to many disgraces even death. This movie shows us the different point of view of people in our society, it gives us an insight of the stereotypes we have build within our society, within the world. It invites us to see and understand how such a small stereotype and negative attitude can go a long way and affect people in different ways. Prejudice is found between gender, religion, cultural, geographical background, and race. People have discriminated against others based upon these attributes. Besides, prejudice is largely a function of ignorance. Today, there are so many different people in this world that stereotypes are almost always incorrect, as many people choose not to be followers, but to be individuals. Asians, African-Americans, Hispanics, Caucasians, and all other ethnic groups need to look past each other’s physical characteristics and start looking inside a person to see who they truly are. After all, personalities do not lie on the outside of one’s body, but in one’s mind. I believe that society needs to raise today’s children to accept all people, no matter what they do or do not believe in or what color skin they may have. In order to reduce prejudice and discrimination, it is considered that education for children is very important. For example, exchange student program that includes not only the one between different countries but also the one between different communities within the same area. If children are raised around people who are not the same as they are in school or community, then they will most likely not think anything different of people who do not look the same as them or believe what they believe. If humanity raises their children to believe all people are equal from the beginning, then prejudice will slowly disintegrate over time. The world needs to focus on not judging people before they know them for who they are. It is very important to let children have opportunity to know the differences and to be interested in differences because ignorance is the biggest source of prejudice.